<p>The Lehman&#39;s, Port Royal Covered Bridge is an historic, American covered bridge that is located near Port Royal in Turbett Township, Juniata County, Pennsylvania.</p><br>
<p>It was listed on the National Register of Historic Places in 1979.</p><br>
<h2>History and architectural features</h2><br>
<p>This historic structure is a Double Burr Arch truss bridge that was built in 1888. It measures 107 ft and has vertical siding, windows at eave level, and a gable roof. It was damaged during Hurricane Agnes in 1972, and subsequently rebuilt.</p><br>
<p>It was listed on the National Register of Historic Places in 1979.</p><br>
<p>The in Academia, Pennsylvania is a building from 1816. It was listed on the National Register of Historic Places in 1972. The building was constructed in 1816 as a Presbyterian Church. When the Tuscarora Academy was established in 1836, some of the classes were held in the church. Other campus buildings were adjacent to the property. In 1850 the academy trustees purchased the building and added the second floor for extra dormitory rooms. From 1851 until 1875, four fires on campus destroyed the other campus buildings. Academy classes continued in this stone building until 1912, then until 1916 the building was used for Beale Township High School. Alumni and community members lobbied hard for the building&#39;s restoration and preservation, which finally happened starting in the 1960s. In August 1970, the Tuscarora Academy Museum opened to the public and is still operational today. In 2016, ownership was transferred to the Juniata County Historical Society. The Museum is open June through August on Sundays from 1:30pm until 4:00pm.</p><br>
<p>In addition to the notable alumni listed below, a book published in 2021 (Tuscarora Academy: Providence is Here) contains short biographies of about a third of the known alumni, faculty, and trustees. This once prestigious school educated young men (and women beginning in 1873) from at least 30 other states and 6 other countries. Alumni went on to settle in every state in the contiguous United States, with many reaching the pinnacle of their chosen professions.</p><br>
<p>The academy is located about a mile west of the Academia Pomeroy Covered Bridge which is also listed on the National Register.</p><br>
<h2>Notable alumni</h2><br>
<p>John L. Withrow, minister, author</p><br>
<p>Captain James J. Patterson - instructor, Union army officer, author, and farmer</p><br>
<p>The Mooresburg School is a one-story building that is located in Mooresburg, Pennsylvania, USA. It was built in 1875 by Liberty Township.</p><br>
<h2>History and architectural features</h2><br>
<p>The Mooresburg One Room School was built in 1875 by Liberty Township near the small village of Mooresburg, and rebuilt by the township in 1891, according to its datestone.</p><br>
<p>It is a brick, vernacular building measuring thirty-five feet by twenty-eight feet that sits on a fieldstone foundation. Located on the south side of Pennsylvania Route 642 and Pennsylvania Route 45 one half mile east of Mooresburg, it was listed on the National Register of Historic Places in 1987.</p><br>
<p>The school continued to educate local children in grades one through eight until 1964 when the building was acquired by the Montour County Historical Society. It is now a museum.</p><br>
<p>The McConnell House is an historic, American home that is located in McConnellsburg Fulton County, Pennsylvania.</p><br>
<p>The house was listed on the National Register of Historic Places in 1976.</p><br>
<h2>History and architectural features</h2><br>
<p>Built circa 1760, this historic structure is a -story, L-shaped, four-bay, yellow pine, log structure that sits on a stone foundation. The original rectangular section measures twenty-seven feet by twenty-four feet, six inches. It has a rear wing that was created in two sections; the newer section dates to 1834. The home&#39;s original occupant was Daniel McConnell, founder of McConnellsburg.</p><br>
<p>The house was listed on the National Register of Historic Places in 1976. It is located in the McConnellsburg Historic District.</p><br>
<p>The Burnt Cabins Gristmill Property is an historic house and gristmill which are located in Burnt Cabins, Pennsylvania. It is also a contributing property to the Burnt Cabins Historic District.</p><br>
<h2>History and architectural features</h2><br>
<p>It is also a contributing property to the Burnt Cabins Historic District.</p><br>
<p>The property was also documented in the Historic American Buildings Survey in 1990.</p><br>
<p>The Carnegie Free Library in Eureka, California was built in Classical Revival Style in 1902. It was listed on the National Register of Historic Places in 1986, and currently houses the Morris Graves Museum of Art.</p><br>
<h2>History</h2><br>
<p>The first reading rooms and libraries in Eureka date from 1859, but they were not stable. The 1878 California Rogers Free Library Act permitted incorporated towns and cities to raise a tax for free reading rooms and public libraries. Eureka was the first city to finance a public library under the Rogers Act and housed its library in rented quarters.</p><br>
<p>After receiving a $20,000 Carnegie library grant in 1901, the library trustees held a competition and selected local architects Knowles Evans and B.C. Tarver of Eureka to design the building from red brick and Mad River granite exterior with two story solid redwood columns ringing a colorful tile mosaic floor in the domed rotunda. When contractor Ambrose Foster ran over budget, the trustees sought but failed to obtain an additional $10,000 from Carnegie. Changes to the building were few, but the original dome was removed; only a skylight remains.</p><br>
<p>The Library was added to the National Register of Historic Places in 1986; recognized both as a Carnegie Library and an example of Classical Revival architecture in a nearly-original condition.</p><br>
<p>In 1996, the City of Eureka and the Humboldt Arts Council helped save the Library which had been slated for demolition. The capital campaign to save the library raised $1.5 million from corporations, foundations and the local community. Restoration began in 1999 and the Library was converted to house a newly created Museum of Art, named after founding patron, northwest school artist Morris Graves, which opened on January 1, 2000.</p><br>
<p>The Carnegie Public Library, Monte Vista Branch, located at 120 Jefferson St. in Monte Vista, Colorado, is a small library opened in 1919. The building was designed by leading Denver architect John J. Huddart in the Classical Revival style. In 1995, it was added to the National Register of Historic Places. The Monte Vista Branch is one of two remaining original branches of the Carnegie Public Library.</p><br>
<p>The Carnegie Library in Dublin, Georgia is a building built in 1904. The funding for the building was provided largely by the philanthropist Andrew Carnegie who offered $10,000 as part of his educational program. The architectural company of Bruce, Morgan, and Dillon designed the building, and John A. Kelley was contacted for the construction.</p><br>
<p>The building was listed on the National Register of Historic Places in 1975. From 1904 to the 1960s it was used as the central library for the City of Dublin. From the 1970s through 2014, the building was home to the Laurens County Historical Society and Museum. It is currently used as a special event space and art gallery managed by the Dublin Downtown Development Authority.</p><br>
<p>It is included as a contributing building in the Dublin Commercial Historic District, National Register-listed in 2002.</p><br>
<p>Suntop Lookout  is located on Suntop Mountain in Mount Baker-Snoqualmie National Forest in central Washington, USA. The fire lookout is at an elevation of about 5,270 ft overlooking the valleys of the White River and Huckleberry Creek just to the north of Mount Rainier National Park. Built to standard USA Forest Service plans, the one-story ground-level lookout measures fourteen by fourteen feet. The frame structure is capped by a pyramidal roof, and features large windows on all four sides with pivoting shutters that act as sunshades.</p><br>
<p>The Suntop lookout was built in either 1932 or 1933 to standard plans for an "L-4 Lookout House." It is one of two intact lookouts from the period in the former Snoqualmie National Forest. The lookout was used during World War II in the USA Army Aircraft Warning System.</p><br>
<p>The lookout was listed on the National Register of Historic Places on July 14, 1987.</p><br>
<h2>In Popular Culture</h2><br>
<p>A work within the SCP Foundation universe, SCP-3333, is primarily set at Suntop Lookout.</p><br>
<p>The Shelby County Courthouse in Harlan, Iowa, United States, was built in 1892. It was individually listed on the National Register of Historic Places in 1978 as a part of the County Courthouses in Iowa Thematic Resource. The courthouse is the third building the county has used for court functions and county administration.</p><br>
<h2>History</h2><br>
<p>The first county seat for Shelby County was located in a place called Shelbyville. There is no mention of a courthouse there, but it is assumed that a building of some sort was used for county business for the three years it was the county seat. After it was moved to Harlan, a two-story frame building was erected in 1860 for the courthouse. A second courthouse was built for $4,250 in 1875. It was a two-story frame structure as well. In 1882 the use of the courtroom was limited to court functions, school elections, and religious services for denominations that did not have their own building. An architect requested that the vaults be condemned in 1890 as they did not protect the county records from fire. They were removed to a different building.</p><br>
<p>Construction on the present courthouse was begun in 1892 and it was built for $62,733.90. Charles E. Bell of Council Bluffs designed the Richardsonian Romanesque style building. W.H. Cockerell of Harlan was the contractor. The cornerstone was laid on August 4, 1892, and the building was dedicated on November 13, 1893. The courthouse tower of galvanized iron and wood was too heavy for the structure and it had to be removed for $563 nine years after it was built. A $300,000 renovation of the building, which included installation of its first elevator, was completed in 1978.</p><br>
<p>A Soldier&#39;s monument was erected on the courthouse square in 1916. It is a contributing object in the historic district and the square itself is a contributing site. There is also a POW/MIA Monument that was erected in 1992.</p><br>
<h2>Architecture</h2><br>
<p>The courthouse is constructed of Berea sandstone and features a slate roof. The dimensions of the building are 63 by and it is two stories above a raised basement. The south elevation has a projecting archway with large voussoirs above a recessed entrance. The east and west elevations each have a central pavilion that projects from the main building and terminates in a gable end. The four corners also feature projecting pavilions with gable ends on each elevation. White colored stone trim runs below the central roofline with a small dormer on the main facade. Originally, a bell tower at a height of 130 ft topped the building.</p><br>
<p>The Sunrise Comfort Station  is a comfort station in Mount Rainier National Park, Washington, USA. Built around 1930, the building was designed by Thomas Chalmers Vint of the National Park Service in association with landscape architect E.A. Davidson. The structure was part of a planned ensemble at what was then called Yakima Park, high on the northern flank of Mount Rainier. Similar structures may be found at the Ohanapecosh, Longmire and White River campgrounds in the park. The low building is framed in peeled logs on a stone foundation, set into a hillside and surrounded by native landscaping.</p><br>
<p>The "comfort station", otherwise known as a public toilet, was placed on the National Register of Historic Places on March 13, 1991. It is part of the Mount Rainier National Historic Landmark District, which encompasses the entire park and which recognizes the park&#39;s inventory of Park Service-designed rustic architecture. Another comfort station (S-005) situated between the Yakima Park Stockade Group and the Sunrise Lodge is not part of that district but contributes to the Sunrise Historic District instead. S-310 does not.</p><br>
<p>The Sunrise Historic District, also known as the community of Sunrise, Washington, is located at approximately 6,400 ft on a ridge overlooking the northeast side of Mount Rainier in Mount Rainier National Park. The district comprises seven individual structures designed in accordance with the principles of the National Park Service Rustic style. The area is inhabited and open to the public only during a brief period in the summer season.</p><br>
<h2>Planning</h2><br>
<p>The area was originally known as Yakima Park, and became accessible with the construction of a new road in the northeastern portion of the park, planned by Ernest A. Davidson of the National Park Service Landscape Division and the Bureau of Public Roads. Davidson prepared a master plan for Yakima Park, by way of contrast to development in the southern portion of the park at Paradise and Longmire, where haphazard development had become a significant management problem. Davidson&#39;s plan included a large hotel supporting a community of housekeeping cabins, an automobile service station, toilet facilities, and the unique blockhouses and stockade.</p><br>
<p>Initial construction was completed in 1932 with the first phase of the Sunrise Lodge, the Sunrise Comfort Station, the service station, the South Blockhouse and the Stockade. The North Blockhouse and Community Building were completed in 1944.</p><br>
<h2>Structures</h2><br>
<h3>Sunrise Lodge</h3><br>
<p>The Sunrise Lodge is a large shingled structure with a steeply-pitched roof, built by the Rainier National Park Company in 1931. The 2-1/2 story building was intended to be the first wing of a resort hotel. It was built in about six weeks, serving as the centerpiece of a complex of 200 tourist cabins. The lodge accommodated dining facilities and staff dormitories. The cabins were removed through the late 1930s and 40s, sold to Eastern Washington farmers for migrant labor housing, or for housing around Puget Sound. Foundations for another wing of the planned U-shaped hotel were excavated, but never completed. The incomplete hotel continued in its original function, and is open on a seasonal basis in the present day.</p><br>
<h2>Designation</h2><br>
<p>The area was placed on the National Register of Historic Places on March 31, 1991. The Yakima Park Stockade Group was declared a National Historic Landmark on May 29, 1987. The Sunrise Comfort Station was individually listed on the NRHP on March 13, 1991. The Sunrise Historic District is in turn part of the Mount Rainier National Historic Landmark District, which encompasses the entire park and which recognizes the park&#39;s inventory of Park Service-designed rustic architecture.</p><br>
<h2>Climate</h2><br>
<p>The Roosevelt Inn is located near downtown Coeur d&#39;Alene in North Idaho. Originally built in 1905 as the Roosevelt School, it is recognized as a historic building listed on the National Register of Historic Places. It was converted into an inn in 1994.</p><br>
<h2>Origins as a school</h2><br>
<p>The building was constructed in 1905 as an elementary school for the first through sixth grades. The school was built primarily to serve the needs of families in the city center. Initially two grades shared each classroom, and on occasion the school would handle overflow from the high school. Due to growth in Coeur d&#39;Alene, in 1945 the school stopped serving the fifth and sixth grades. The building continued to operate as a school through 1971 at which time a larger and more modern school was erected. The original bell tower was destroyed during a windstorm in 1958; it would not be fully restored until 1994.</p><br>
<p>After the building was no longer in use as an elementary school, the Board of Education used the facility as a storage and book depository until 1979. In 1979 the Board of Education sold the building to Jonas Marias who turned the Roosevelt School into an office building. During this renovation a third story was added to the building. This renovation reduced the original ceiling heights from 18 feet to 10 feet. The effects of this addition are seen in the bricks on the front facade which had to be installed to align the new windows.</p><br>
<h2>Modern usage</h2><br>
<p>The school was operated as an office building from 1982 until 1992 when it was converted to a bed and breakfast and reopened in 1994. Tina and John Hough purchased the property in 1999 and are the current Innkeepers. John Hough attended the Roosevelt School as a student from first to fourth grade. Operating as a bed and breakfast, The Roosevelt Inn has fifteen rooms and wheelchair access.</p><br>
<p>A renovation of the bell tower took place in 2000, turning it into a two-story suite which looks out on Lake Coeur d&#39;Alene. In 2008 the basement of the school was renovated into a banquet hall and meeting facility capable of seating up to 50 people.</p><br>
<p>In 2012, the Roosevelt Inn was featured in the season 1 finale of the Fox television show Hotel Hell with Gordon Ramsay. The show renovations included the honeymoon suite, the reception area, and much of the decor.</p><br>
<p>The Ringgold County Courthouse in Mount Ayr, Iowa, United States, was built in 1927. It was listed on the National Register of Historic Places in 1981 as a part of the County Courthouses in Iowa Thematic Resource. The courthouse is the fourth building the county has used for court functions and county administration.</p><br>
<h2>History</h2><br>
<p>The first Ringgold County courthouse was a log structure constructed in 1856. It was destroyed in a tornado two years later, and the logs were salvaged for use in a new house. A frame building was constructed for the second courthouse and the county paid $3,500 to have it built. It was two stories and measured 60 by. The third courthouse was under construction when it was destroyed in a fire on Thanksgiving Day 1889. The new courthouse was a brick and stone building that was built for $36,455. The 2½-story structure measured 96 by and had a central tower that rose 102 ft. That building was condemned in 1921. It was given, along with $500 to a house wrecker to be torn down. Voters approved a new courthouse in 1926. The three-story brick building measures 91 by and was built at a cost of $132,533. It was designed by the Des Moines architectural firm of Keffer & Jones and built by the L.T. Grisman Company.</p><br>
<h2>Architecture</h2><br>
<p>The courthouse is considered a "budget classical" building by which the structure&#39;s Beaux-Arts and Neoclassical design elements are stripped to a minimal form. The building becomes more utilitarian than imaginatively expressed. The three-story building is composed of red brick and concrete. Stone trim runs horizontally between the first and second floors and above the third floor where there is also a projecting stone cornice. The building is capped with a flat roof. The significance of the courthouse is derived from its association with county government, and the political power and prestige of Mount Ayr as the county seat.</p><br>
<p>The Pottawattamie County Jail, also known as Squirrel Cage Jail in Council Bluffs, Iowa, United States was built in 1885 and it was listed on the National Register of Historic Places in 1972. The building is one of three extant “squirrel cage jails,” also known as rotary jails. It was designated a National Historic Landmark in 2023.</p><br>
<h2>History</h2><br>
<p>Construction of the jail was simultaneous with that of the county&#39;s new courthouse, which was finished in 1888. It was designed by William H. Brown and Benjamin F. Haugh of Indianapolis, Indiana</p><br>
<p>The building was one of 18 such jails that were built in the United States and the only one that was three stories tall. Also known as Squirrel Cage Jail, it was one of a handful of rotary jails built in the Midwestern America in the mid-19th century. The building was designed for maximum security with minimal contact between the prisoners and the jailers. The front part of the jail had offices for the jailer, a kitchen, trustee cells, and quarters for women. The rest of the building is made up of pie-shaped cells that revolved inside of a cage.</p><br>
<p>The building was used as a jail until its closure in 1969. In 1971, the Council Bluffs Park Board acquired the building, and in 1977, the county historical society took ownership of the building and maintains it as a museum.</p><br>
<h2>In popular culture</h2><br>
<h3>Television</h3><br>
<p>The Pottawattamie County Jail was featured as a haunted location in a special episode of Ghost Adventures in 2019 titled, "Serial Killer Spirits: Axe-Killer Jail" which aired on the Travel Channel.</p><br>
<h3>Radio</h3><br>
<p>The jail was also referenced in an old time radio program Gang Busters, in the episode Gang Busters - The Case of John K. Giles, which originally aired September 29 1945. In the episode John K. Giles is reportedly captured and sent to the "Pottawattamie Prison", a special jail with impregnable bars and microphones in the wall. The escape artist fashioned a key out of a sharpened utensil and was able to unlock the cell door to get free.</p><br>
<p>The Flanders Hotel is located at 719 East 11th Street in Ocean City in Cape May County, New Jersey. The building was added to the National Register of Historic Places on November 20, 2009, for its significance in architecture, community planning and development, and entertainment/recreation. The Flanders Hotel is named after Flanders Fields in Belgium.</p><br>
<h2>History</h2><br>
<p>The hotel was built in 1923 by the Ocean Front Hotel Corporation. The architect Vivian B. Smith designed the building in the Spanish Colonial Revival style. The building was constructed using steel girders and concrete.</p><br>
<p>The hotel was originally managed by J. Howard Slocum until 1932, when Elwood F. Kirkman took over ownership of the hotel. James M. Dwyer purchased the building in 1996.</p><br>
<p>The hotel was converted into luxury condominiums for daily rentals operating as a "Condotel" in 1997. Mr. Dwyer suffered several financial setbacks, including tax liens and personal bankruptcy. As a result of the bankruptcy, Mr. Dwyer was removed from his involvement with the hotel. In December 2005 a new board of trustees were installed, and Peter Voudouris was named president of the board</p><br>
<p>of trustees and also assumed the responsibilities as general manager. He presently holds the title of director of hotel and banquet operations.</p><br>
<p>The Belgian Building, also known as the Belgian Friendship Building and Belgian Pavilion, is a historic building complex located in Richmond, Virginia, United States. It was originally constructed as the exhibition hall for the nation of Belgium at the 1939 New York Worlds Fair in New York City. One of the few buildings constructed for the fair that was designed to last beyond the events end, the complex was initially intended to be reconstructed in Belgium following the conclusion of the fair. Due to Belgiums occupation by Nazi Germany during World War II, however, the building was instead donated to the Virginia Union University in Richmond. The facility was deconstructed in New York, shipped to Virginia, and reassembled on Virginia Unions campus. The complex served first as a new soldier processing location for the United States Army, then later as a gym, library, and classroom space for Virginia Union. The gym portion of the complex was renamed Barco-Stevens Hall, and, still hosted collegiate athletic events. The building was listed on the National Register of Historic Places in 1970.</p><br>
<h2>Architecture</h2><br>
<p>The Belgian Building was designed by Belgian architects Victor Bourgeois and Leon Stynen with Henry van de Velde directing the project. It was done in the International Style and was intentionally constructed entirely of materials of Belgian origin in a symbolic gesture of the exhibitions home. The red tiles and black slate that comprise the structures exterior were sourced from Flanders and the Ardennes, respectively, and the plate glass that features prominently at the site came from the Walloon Region.</p><br>
<p>The facility was one of the few built for the worlds fair that was intended to exist beyond that events completion. The towers base features two Art Deco bas relief panels representing the culture of the Belgian Congo. A third panel elsewhere on the buildings exterior depicts Belgian trade.</p><br>
<h2>History</h2><br>
<p>The Belgian Buildings existence began in Belgium itself, where the structure was originally constructed before being taken apart and shipped to the United States in advance of its construction for the 1939 New York Worlds Fair.</p><br>
<p>The pavilion opened at the fair in May 1939. Former president Herbert Hoover was the guest of honor at the opening night dinner, and was praised for his humanitarian efforts in Belgium during the First World War. The exhibition made headlines in June 1940 when the building lost power during a display of $2,000,000 worth of precious gems. The women modelling the jewels guarded by heavily-armed security were rushed to a secure area until the lights came back on 45 minutes later. It reopened days later but without the previously displayed bust of King Leopold III, which was ordered removed from the exhibition by the Belgian government following the king&#39;s capitulation to Germany.</p><br>
<p>The kings surrender prevented the buildings planned return to Belgium following the conclusion of the fair. The Belgian government in exile sponsored a competition to determine the building&#39;s new home. The gift of the $700,000 building still required significant fundraising by the school, as the process of disassembly in New York, transport, and reconstruction in Richmond was expected to cost $800,000. The move was overseen by the Belgian architect Dr. Hugo van Kyuck, and the African American architect Charles Thaddeus Russell supervised the reconstruction of the building on the Virginia Union grounds. The same group of Belgian contractors who erected the building in New York went to Virginia to execute the task there.</p><br>
<p>The Belgian Friendship Building was chosen as the facilitys name once on the Virginia Union campus. It was eventually rebuilt largely as it appeared in New York and adapted to the universitys needs, though fund shortages necessitated the complex to be constructed in phases. The auditorium portion of the facility was converted to a gym, while the opposite end became a library with a 94,000 volume capacity. The connecting portion of the structure became science-related classrooms and laboratories.</p><br>
<p>The tower, located on the southwest corner of the structure, was named after Robert Lee Vann, a Pittsburgh-area publisher and alum of Virginia Union. Originally a music tower, it held a 35-bell carillon during its time at the fair. The carillon was augmented by a 2022 addition of 13 more bells and was operational in Stanford&#39;s Hoover Tower. In 2004, a fundraising effort began with the goal of acquiring new bells for the Belgian Building tower. Three years later, it was announced that the Belgian government had offered to purchase and donate a set of four bells from The Verdin Company.</p><br>
<p>During the buildings gradual reconstruction on the Virginia Union campus in the 1940s, it served as a processing station for the United States Army. Roughly 160,000 soldiers passed through the facility by 1947. The bas reliefs carved into the tower proved controversial around this time; some felt the depiction of the Belgian Congo glorified colonialism, and concerns about the figures nudity resulted in shrubs being planted to shield the art from the street.</p><br>
<p>The Belgian Building was listed on the National Register of Historic Places in 1970. It was repaired again after suffering damage from Hurricane Isabel in 2003. In 2019, Virginia Union received a $500,000 grant to assist in renovations and repairs to the building. The gym, by then known as Barco-Stevens Hall, received improvements that included an upgraded HVAC system.</p><br>
<p>The Jesse Pickens Pugh Farmstead is a historic 289 acre homestead near Grove Hill in rural Clarke County, Alabama, United States. The homestead contains seven contributing buildings, two contributing sites, and one contributing structure. These include a half-spraddle roof cottage that was built in 1865, agricultural outbuildings, agricultural fields, and burials. The complex was listed on the National Register of Historic Places on July 28, 1999, due to its architectural significance.</p><br>
<h2>Background</h2><br>
<p>Jesse Pickens Pugh was born on April 17, 1829, in Clarke County, Alabama. He was the son of Isaac Pugh, born in 1785 in Georgia, and Hanna Baskin, born in 1793 in South Carolina. Isaac and Hanna Pugh settled in what was to become Clarke County in 1810, prior to the establishment of the county within the Mississippi Territory and the ensuing Creek War. His paternal grandfather, Elijah Pugh of North Carolina and Georgia, followed in 1811 and settled on adjoining land. Elijah Pugh was a Revolutionary War veteran.</p><br>
<p>Jesse Pickens Pugh married Sophia Bettis, who was born in 1839, on January 8, 1858, in Clarke County. Together they established their residence and had ten children, with nine living into adulthood. Jesse Pickens Pugh died on March 12, 1929, and is buried in the Pugh family cemetery.</p><br>
<p>The Clayton County Courthouse, located in Elkader, Iowa, United States, was built in 1878. It was listed on the National Register of Historic Places in 1976 as a part of the County Courthouses in Iowa Thematic Resource.</p><br>
<h2>History</h2><br>
<p>The county seat in Clayton County moved several times between 1840 and 1876. It was located first in Prairie La Porte, then Jacksonville, followed by Garnavillo, Elkader, and Guttenberg. Eventually, Elkader won the right to be the county seat. A courthouse that was in Garnavillo was sold in 1866 to raise money for a new courthouse in Elkader. The board of supervisors was only willing to spend $2,000 a year to build the new structure. Because there was yet another contest in the works to consider the location of the county seat, the county and the town of Elkader came up with $10,000 to build the new courthouse.</p><br>
<p>The new courthouse is the first part of the present building that was completed in 1868, and measured 75 by. The red brick structure featured a stone foundation, arched windows with finely dressed capstones, two offices on each floor, and two vaults between the downstairs offices. Ten years later a 75 by addition was built. This gave the building its present square form. The stone for the foundation was quarried locally, it had the same red brick, and the trim is wood painted white. The building, which follows the Italianate style, is capped with a hip roof. The two-stage clock tower was added in 1896. The tower is surrounded by an observation platform and it is capped with a black arrow weathervane. A new front entrance was added to the building in 1971. The double staircase on the interior is not original, but its banisters and newel posts are from the original.</p><br>
<h2>Civil War monument</h2><br>
<p>The Civil War Monument was erected on the grounds in 1919. Located on the south side of the courthouse, it features a central tower with a plaque that contains an image of Abraham Lincoln and the text of his Gettysburg Address that is flanked by doric columns and capped with a bronze eagle. The tower is flanked by bronze bas relief panels that portray Civil War battles. On both ends of the Barre granite monument are 6 ft bronze statues. One portrays an infantry soldier and the other a sailor. The monument measures 18.5 ft long by 15 ft high.</p><br>
<p>The Decatur County Courthouse, located in Leon, Iowa, United States, was built in 1908. It was listed on the National Register of Historic Places in 1981 as a part of the County Courthouses in Iowa Thematic Resource. The courthouse is the sixth building the county has used for court functions and county administration.</p><br>
<h2>History</h2><br>
<p>The first courthouse in Decatur County was a log structure built in Leon in for $375. The county soon outgrew the building and it became a hotel. It was replaced by a small structure that was declared unusable soon after it was built. The next courthouse was destroyed in a windstorm before it was finished, and a fire destroyed the fourth courthouse along with the county records. The fifth courthouse was a brick structure that was built for $20,000. In 1876, thieves attempted to open the county treasurer&#39;s safe and when they set off explosives they blew up that side of the building, but were unable to crack the safe. The building was rebuilt and served as the county courthouse until the present building replaced it in 1908.</p><br>
<p>The present courthouse is a two-story structure built over a raised basement. The main floors are clad in brick and the foundation is stone. The Des Moines architectural firm of Smith, Wetherell and Gage designed the Renaissance Revival building. The central clock tower is its prominent feature. The modified Gibbs surrounds around the second and third floor windows is another defining feature. Iron, stone, steel, tile, brick, marble, and granite were all used in its construction so as to protect it from fire, wind, and any other malady. The courthouse&#39;s significance is derived from its association with county government, and the political power and prestige of Leon as the county seat.</p><br>
<p>The Delaware County Courthouse, located in Manchester, Iowa, United States, was built in 1894. It was listed on the National Register of Historic Places in 1981 as a part of the County Courthouses in Iowa Thematic Resource. The current structure is the fourth building to house court functions and county administration.</p><br>
<h2>History</h2><br>
<p>When Delaware County was formed from Dubuque County in 1837 the first place chosen for a county seat was Ead&#39;s Grove in the northeast part of the county. County citizens thought that a place near the center of the county was preferable, and a site near Silver Lake that eventually became Delhi was chosen. It took four years before the site was purchased for the county seat, and then only after two citizens offered to loan the county the $200. The first courthouse was a two-story log structure that was built in the winter of 1843-1844 by county citizens, and it was the first building constructed in Delhi. It measured 18 x, but it had no roof, windows, or doors. Jurors were required to climb a ladder to the jury room on the second floor. It took two years for the county commissioners to raise $65 to complete the building. A second courthouse was built beginning in 1850 and because no contractors applied to build the facility, citizens performed the work using their own tools. They were paid in town lots in Delhi that were valued at $5. The combination courthouse and jail was completed in 1853.</p><br>
<p>Delhi and Manchester soon began to battle over who would be the county seat. Manchester lost several referendums that were held to determine the issue until November 2, 1880, when they finally won. The county seat moved to Manchester and a two-story frame structure was built as a temporary courthouse. The current courthouse was completed in 1894 for $38,000. The county used a bridge fund, dog tax, and the sale of swampland to finance its construction. The building was dedicated on January 7, 1895. Its significance is derived from its association with county government, and the political power and prestige of Manchester as the county seat.</p><br>
<h2>Architecture</h2><br>
<p>The courthouse is a 2½-story structure built on a raised basement. Constructed of red pressed brick, the building is a combination of the Romanesque Revival and the Chateauesque styles. The decorative metal ceilings on the first floor and the elaborate woodwork are original to the building.</p><br>
<p>The Fremont County Courthouse, located in Sidney, Iowa, United States, was built in 1889. It was listed on the National Register of Historic Places in 1981 as a part of the County Courthouses in Iowa Thematic Resource. The courthouse is the second structure to house court functions and county administration.</p><br>
<h2>History</h2><br>
<p>Fremont County was organized in 1850. Its first county seat was in Austin, a community 7.5 mi south of Sidney. There were two houses in the small town and court sessions were held in the storeroom of A.H. Argyle&#39;s home. The county seat moved to Sydney the following year. In 1860, commissioners erected a two-story brick building that featured a heavy brick tower and a tin roof for $40,000. The county financed its construction through the sale of swampland. The structure was heavily damaged in an explosion in 1863. Its windows and doors were blown out of the structure and the second floor and roof were thrown out of place. While the county spent money to repair the building, the fissures in the walls continued to increase in size in the following years and the decision was made to build a new courthouse.</p><br>
<p>The current courthouse is a two-story brick structure constructed in 1889. It is rather plain in appearance for the period it was built. The building&#39;s primary features includes an entrance porch with round arches perched on short, medieval-looking, granite columns; and the brick wall dormers with triangular pediments and oculus windows. The squat tower has several shed dormers along the roofline. At one time the exterior was covered with stucco. The building is situated on a double square, which is a rarity in Iowa. Its significance is derived from its association with county government, and the political power and prestige of Sidney as the county seat.</p><br>
<p>The Greene County Courthouse, located in Jefferson, Iowa, United States, was built in 1918. It was individually listed on the National Register of Historic Places in 1978 as a part of the County Courthouses in Iowa Thematic Resource. The courthouse is the third structure to house court functions and county administration. The courthouse features the Mahany Tower, a 120 feet bell tower.</p><br>
<h2>History</h2><br>
<p>The first courthouse in Greene County was a frame building built in 1856 for $1,825. Prior to that time the county officers were housed in the Thomas Phillips Building. The second courthouse was completed in 1870 for $37,000. The building featured a bell in the cupola that served as a fire alarm, called the court into session and announced curfew. The present courthouse was dedicated in 1917 and was built at a cost of $200,000.</p><br>
<p>A monument to President Abraham Lincoln was added in 1918 to commemorate the Lincoln Highway, which passes in front of the courthouse. The Mahanay Tower was built on the southwest corner of the courthouse grounds in 1966. In 1993, the Lindsey Memorial, commemorating Greene County native Darrell R. Lindsey, posthumous World War II Medal of Honor recipient, was relocated from the Lindsey Air Station in Wiesbaden, Germany to the southeast corner of the courthouse grounds.</p><br>
<h2>Architecture</h2><br>
<p>The prominent Des Moines architectural firm of Proudfoot, Bird & Rawson designed the three-story building in the Beaux Arts style. The three-story structure measures about 124 by, and its exterior is faced in Bedford Stone. The north and south elevations are identical, as are the east and west elevations. The main facades (the north and south elevations) feature Ionic porticos. A clock is set in the tympana of the triangular pediments. They are decorated with bas-relief figures and swags. The secondary facades feature Ionic pilastrades set in antis.</p><br>
<p>The interior of the building is organized around the central rotunda, which extends through from the basement to the attic. The rotunda floor features a 14 ft mosaic tile reproduction of the county seal, and the ceiling is a stained glass dome. William Peaco painted the four murals that adorn the inner dome. They are entitled: The Buffalo Hunt, The Emigrants, The Pioneer and The Modern Farm.</p><br>
<h2>Mahanay Tower</h2><br>
<p>The bell tower was built at a cost of $350,000 and funded by the estate of Mr. and Mrs. Floyd Mahanay and dedicated on October 16, 1966. The 165 ft tower is in the Brutalist style with a three concave sides and contains 14 bells cast by the Petit & Fritsen Bell Foundry in Aarle-Rixtel in the Netherlands. The bells chime on the quarter-hour and can be operated by an electric keyboard. The tower has an observation deck at 120 ft that is accessed via a glass elevator.</p><br>
<p>Ker-Feal, built in 1775, is an historic fieldstone dwelling that is located in West Pikeland Township, Pennsylvania. It was listed on the National Register of Historic Places on November 7, 2003.</p><br>
<h2>History and architectural features</h2><br>
<p>The property was purchased by Albert C. Barnes and his wife Laura in 1940 and expanded with two additions. The name "Ker-Feal" means "Fidèles House" in Breton and was named after Barnes favorite dog, Fidèle de Port Manech. The property is now owned by the Barnes Foundation. Ker-Feal received an upgraded climate-control system in 2001 paid for with several grants. Another grant in 2006 allowed for grounds assessment.</p><br>
<p>The Grundy County Courthouse, located in Grundy Center, Iowa, United States, was built in 1891. It was listed on the National Register of Historic Places in 1981 as a part of the County Courthouses in Iowa Thematic Resource. The courthouse is the second structure to house court functions and county administration.</p><br>
<h2>History</h2><br>
<p>Grundy County was organized in 1856 from land that had been a part of Benton and Buchanan counties. Holland, Iowa was originally chosen as the county seat, but later Grundy Center was chosen as the county seat at that time. The first courthouse was built the following year. Known as the Old Cheese Box, it was the only octagonal courthouse in the state. The faces of its octagonal cupola paralleled one of the building&#39;s walls. This facility served as the county courthouse for 40 years until the current courthouse replaced it in 1891.</p><br>
<p>The Richardsonian Romanesque structure was designed by Kramer & Zoll and constructed at a cost of $45,532.48. The slender form of the clock tower offsets the weighty mass of the rest of the building. The significance of the courthouse is derived from its association with county government, and the political power and prestige of Grundy Center as the county seat.</p><br>
<p>The Hancock County Courthouse is located in Garner, Iowa, United States. It was listed on the National Register of Historic Places in 1981 as a part of the County Courthouses in Iowa Thematic Resource. The courthouse is the second structure to house court functions and county administration.</p><br>
<h2>History</h2><br>
<p>Truman Seymor from New York donated the land for the first county seat in Hancock County. The place was named Concord and officials constructed two small buildings on the site in 1865 for $2,000. Within two years the buildings became too small and county supervisors erected a new courthouse for $10,000 in 1868. The city of Garner annexed Concord in the 1890s while residents from Britt attempted to have the county seat relocated. Garner, however, retained the designation after a group of businessmen purchased a new site, built a courthouse and donated it to the county. Citizens on the east side of the county contributed $25,000 towards the new building designed by F.W. Kinney. Gross Construction completed the structure in 1899. It is two-stories tall, faced with tan brick, and it features limestone and granite accents. The structure rests on an exposed ground level covered in rusticated stone. The building has lost several elements that gave it architectural interest. They include the cupola, tower, roof balustrade, and upper floor windows have been boarded up.</p><br>
<p>The structure was expanded in 1977 when a separate facility to house the sheriff&#39;s offices and jail were constructed south of the courthouse. A 1999 expansion connected this to the main structure. The significance of the courthouse is derived from its association with county government, and the political power and prestige of Garner as the county seat.</p><br>
<p>The Hardin County Courthouse, located in Eldora, Iowa, United States, was built in 1892. The courthouse is the third building to house court functions and county administration. It was individually listed on the National Register of Historic Places in 1981.</p><br>
<h2>History</h2><br>
<p>The first courthouse in Hardin County was a two-story frame structure built in 1856. It was destroyed in a fire in October of the same year and a new courthouse replaced it the following year. The current courthouse opened in 1892 at a cost of $48,000.</p><br>
<p>In 1921, the roof and tower were damaged by a fire which spread from the adjacent Wisner Opera House. In 1967, the state fire marshall declared the structure unsafe. The following year, voters approved a bond sale to fund repairs. Work included replacing electrical, mechanical systems and windows; filling-in the central rotunda; replacing wood beams and floors with concrete and steel and installing an elevator. County workers vacated the building in July 1969 and returned to the renewed facility in October 1970. The final cost ran to $422,000, supplemented by private donations for landscaping.</p><br>
<h2>Architecture</h2><br>
<p>T.D. Allen, architect of the courthouses in Dickinson and Franklin counties, designed Hardin&#39;s courthouse in the Romanesque Revival style with elements of other styles. Statues of Justice, Mercy and Liberty occupy the alcove beneath the bell tower. The semi-circular transoms on the middle east and west windows feature the seal of the State of Iowa in frosted glass. The significance of the courthouse is derived from its association with county government, and the political power and prestige of Eldora as the county seat.</p><br>
<p>Woodlands, also known as the Frederick Blount Plantation, is a historic plantation house in Gosport, Alabama, United States. The house was added to the National Register of Historic Places on April 28, 1980, due to its architectural significance.</p><br>
<h2>Background</h2><br>
<p>The house was built by Frederick Spaight Blount in 1840. Blount was born on November 13, 1808, in North Carolina. He and his half-brother, James W. Bryan, entered into a partnership in 1841, by which Bryan furnished slaves for Woodlands. Blount was noted to be a lawyer in Gosport in 1845. The partnership with his half-brother had soured by 1848, with Bryan attempting to sell the slaves to Alfred Hatch of Greensboro. By the time of the 1850 United States Census he and his wife, Emily James, were living at the plantation with three children and eighteen slaves. The family relocated to Mobile a few years later, where Blount resumed his law practice.</p><br>
<p>A great scandal, known nationwide at the time, arose in 1858 when Frederick S. Blount accused Henri Arnous de Rivière, a French Army officer, of abducting his daughter, Miss Emily J. Blount, and wife, Mrs. Emily James Blount, and attempting to flee with them to Havana. Blount had allowed the engagement of his daughter to Rivière, but after discovering a supposed previous marriage broke the engagement and forbade Henri Rivière contact with her. Rivière was apprehended on July 4, 1858, at the Hotel Napoleon in Hoboken, New Jersey, but he and Blount&#39;s daughter escaped prior to the trial.</p><br>
<p>The affair was published in newspapers throughout the South, and in The New York Times. The Blount family was later reunited and were again living in Mobile in 1860. However, Rivière and Miss Blount did eventually marry and have children, living in France. Frederick Blount himself was living in Paris by 1872.</p><br>
<h2>Architecture</h2><br>
<p>Woodlands is a wood-frame example of what is known regionally as a Carolina cottage, a form that is very similar in outward appearance to that of a Creole cottage. This form is always one-and-a-half stories with side-gables, with the main roof covering any porches.</p><br>
<p>The house also features fine Greek Revival detailing, including eight fluted Doric columns supporting the front porch. The front entrance door, centered in the five-bay facade, is surrounded by sidelights and surmounted by a transom light, with these flanked by pilasters and crowned with a simple entablature.</p><br>
<p>The Medical Arts Building is an office high-rise located at 603 Main Street in Knoxville, Tennessee, United States. Completed in 1931, the 10-story structure originally provided office space for physicians and dentists, and at the time was considered the "best equipped" medical building in the South. The building has been listed on the National Register of Historic Places as one of the region&#39;s best examples of a Gothic Revival-style office building. It has recently been renovated into mixed-use, principally residential use.</p><br>
<h2>History</h2><br>
<p>The lot on which the Medical Arts Building stands was originally located just outside Charles McClung&#39;s 1791 plat of Knoxville, though the lot had been incorporated into the city by 1795. By the late 19th century, the elaborate Victorian residence of pharmaceutical magnate A. J. Albers stood on the lot. The home of artist Charles Krutch once stood in the parking lot adjacent to the building.</p><br>
<p>By the early 1900s, numerous physicians were operating out of buildings in the area between South Market Street and Henley Street, such as those located in what is now the South Market Historic District. Following World War I, the James Park House (at the corner of Walnut and Cumberland) was converted into a clinic, in part because of the large number of doctors&#39; offices in its vicinity. In the late 1920s, prominent physician Herbert Acuff (1886&ndash;1951), seeing a necessity for a more modern medical office building, recruited several investors, and purchased the lot at the corner of Main and Locust. Construction on the Medical Arts Building, designed by the Lexington, Kentucky-based firm Manley and Young, began in 1929 and was completed in 1931.</p><br>
<p>In the 1930s, Acuffs investment company went bankrupt, and the Medical Arts Building was sold to the Metropolitan Life Insurance Company. In subsequent years, the buildings first floor tenants have included a bank, a drug store and restaurant. In 1981, Knoxville-area developer Kristopher Kendrick purchased the building, and in turn sold it in 1983 to the Medical Arts Building Association, which renovated the building for modern office space.</p><br>
<h2>Design</h2><br>
<p>The Medical Arts Building is located at the northwest corner of Main and Locust, with an attached three-story garage extending the length of Locust all the way to Cumberland Avenue. A parking lot and the law firm Hodges, Doughty & Carson separates it from Henley Street to the west, and the Knoxville Post Office lies across Locust to the east.</p><br>
<p>The east (Locust) and south (Main) facades of the building are decorated with terra cotta elements and dark green spandrel panels. A terra cotta cornice surrounds the top of the building. The entrances along Main and Locust are decorated with terra cotta buttresses, pointed arches, and brass double-doors flanked by transoms with Gothic tracery elements. The garage is accessed via a Tudor arch entrance along Locust Street. The first floor interior contains a marble floor and walls, and upper level hallways contain marble wainscoting.</p><br>
<p>Double Ditch, also known as the Double Ditch State Historic Site, Burgois Site, 32BL8, Bourgois Site, and Double Ditch Earth Lodge Village Site, is an archaeological site located on the east bank of the Missouri River</p><br>
<p>The site was the location of a Mandan Native American earth lodge village from approximately 1450A.D. to 1785 A.D. It was abandoned after the 1775–1782 North American smallpox epidemic. The site includes remains of earth lodges, midden mounds, and fortification ditches. It is managed by the State Historical Society of North Dakota.</p><br>
<p>The archeological site was listed on the National Register of Historic Places in 1979. Also at the location are Depression Era Work Relief Construction Features at Double Ditch Indian Village Site State Historic Site, which were separately listed on the National Register in 2014.</p><br>
<h2>Overview</h2><br>
<p>The Mandans built dome-shaped houses of logs and earth, known as earth-lodges. The raised areas around the village are midden mounds or earthen mounds ranging from one to ten feet high. There are more than 30 mounds surrounding the village. Fortification systems consisted of a deep moat and a wall of wooden posts that formed a palisade. Natural features, such as steep terrain and riverbanks, also were used for added protection.</p><br>
<h2>Population decline</h2><br>
<p>In 2002 Kenneth Kvamme generated digitally enhanced maps of Double Ditch using radio gradiometry techniques. The new survey methods revealed two more ditches, outside the two that were already known, extending the village well beyond its known boundaries. Investigators concluded that at the time of its founding, just before 1500, Double Ditch had a peak population of two thousand and an area of 19 acres. At that time, the entire surface layer of dirt in the village was laboriously scraped off, possibly after a horrific infection.</p><br>
<h2>Depression Era Work Relief Construction Features</h2><br>
<p>Depression Era Work Relief Construction Features at Double Ditch Indian Village Site State Historic Site was listed on the National Register in 2014.</p><br>
<p>A building and walls built as Great Depression work-relief projects in 1930s???</p><br>
<p>The listing included one contributing building and eight contributing objects. These are in WPA Rustic style.</p><br>
<p>The property is owned by the State Historical Society of North Dakota.</p><br>
<p>The Stephen Beech Cleveland House, also known as The Lodge, is a historic house in Suggsville, Clarke County, Alabama, United States. The one-story wood-frame house was completed in 1860 by Stephen Beech Cleveland. Upon completion of the home, Beech lived in it with his wife, two young children and his younger brother, according to census data. The house has a mid 19th century revival architectural style, with a limestone foundation and asphalt roof, as noted in the National Register of Historic Places.</p><br>
<p>The Alford–Nielson Home, is the only example of Second Empire French Victorian Architecture in Ferndale, Humboldt County, California.</p><br>
<h2>History</h2><br>
<p>In 1874, James E. Brown built what is now the back part of this house at a different location, 421 Main Street, in the current Main Street historical district.</p><br>
<p>William B. Alford (1851–1921), a local pharmacist after whom the house is named, arrived in Humboldt County at age 21 in 1872 and moved to Ferndale in 1875 where he jointly owned a drugstore with his brother Frank A. Alford, M.D. immediately adjoining the former location of this house in the Main Street commercial district.</p><br>
<p>Dr. Alford married Mary Richmond in San Jose, California in 1877; the Second Empire French Style front building was added in the same year.</p><br>
<p>In June 1893, the property was purchased by furniture dealer H. J. Mueller (1864–1900) who moved the house with the Alford family in residence to 1299 Main Street. Six months later, the Alfords moved out and the Mueller family moved in. The Muellers built an addition to the house in February 1896. The house and furnishings were purchased by Ed Mowry in August, 1903 and the Muellers moved to Livermore, California.</p><br>
<p>The next owner, Maurice Nielson, lived there fifty-five years to 1977. He was one of the developers of modern creamery operations in Humboldt County. Neilson was followed by a couple who started and finished a seven-year restoration then sold the house to Tom and Maura Eastman who filed for the home to be added to the National Register of Historic Places. It was accepted at 112 years of age on 23 January 1986.</p><br>
<p>The home sustained significant damage and fell off its footing in the 1992 Cape Mendocino earthquakes, but was restored.</p><br>
<p>The A. Berding Home is a historic Carpenter Gothic Victorian style house with Italianate accents built by pioneer merchant Arnold Berding in 1875 at 455 Ocean Avenue in Ferndale, Humboldt County, California is also called "The Gum Drop Tree House" from the neatly trimmed row of 150 year old cypresses in front.</p><br>
<h2>History</h2><br>
<p>Born in Germany in 1826, Berding arrived in Humboldt County by a route that included Rio de Janeiro, San Francisco, and the California Gold Rush mining camps. In 1857 he arrived in Humboldt County and set up a store, hotel, livery and post office at the now-abandoned village of Centerville, California where Abraham Lincoln appointed him Centerville&#39;s first and only postmaster.</p><br>
<p>In January 1860, shortly after the victims from the wreck of the were buried in a mass grave marked by the Centerville Beach Cross, wreck salvage was sold at auction at Berding&#39;s Centerville store. After selling the Centerville businesses, Berding spent a short time in Oregon, returning to Ferndale in 1866 and opening the first merchandise store in town.</p><br>
<p>Local justice of the peace Seth Shaw, married Berding and Mary Blum (b. 1832), a widow with three small children, June 7, 1867. The small residence they built in 1868 was moved around the corner and replaced with the current house where the Berdings had four more children together. In 1888 after much illness, the Berdings had a high brick foundation laid to raise the house. The 1900 Census shows that Arnold, Mary and two of their children were living in the Berding house, although they traveled frequently. The newspaper reports regular trips to San Francisco and in 1904, that Mary Berding and daughter Christina traveled across the United States to attend the St. Louis Exposition, and visit relatives from Illinois to Idaho. In 1909 the Ferndale Enterprise noted that the home of "Pioneer Berding" had recently been improved and renovated.</p><br>
<p>The house was added to the National Register of Historic Places on 4 January 1983. Much of the extant furniture was purchased by Arnold and Mary Berding. The parlor was last wallpapered and painted in 1889 for a wedding.</p><br>
<p>The house is owned by the Berding family via a trust.</p><br>
<p>The Eugene V. Kelly Carriage House, also known as Father Vincent Monella Art Center, is located on the campus of Seton Hall University in South Orange, Essex County, New Jersey, United States. It was built in 1887 and was listed on the National Register of Historic Places in 1975. It includes Late Victorian architecture and is listed for its meeting architectural criteria. The listed area is 5 acre and includes just the one contributing building.</p><br>
<p>DeLeon Plaza and Bandstand is 1.77 acres originally platted as the center of the city of Victoria, county of Victoria, in the USA state of Texas. The bandstand stood nearby the plaza until it was moved to the center of the plaza in 1923. The William P. Rogers chapter of the United Daughters of the Confederacy contracted with sculptor Pompeo Coppini for the DeLeon Plaza&#39;s 1912 monument to the Confederacy The Last Stand .</p><br>
<p>On March 24, 1987, DeLeon Plaza and Bandstand was added to the National Register of Historic Places listings in Victoria County, Texas. In 1965, the bandstand was designated a Recorded Texas Historic Landmark, Marker number 289. In 1998, the plaza was designated a Recorded Texas Historic Landmark, Marker number 12273.</p><br>
<h2>Plaza</h2><br>
<p>When Victoria, Texas was founded by empresario Martín De León and his wife Patricia de la Garza De León, they named it after Guadalupe Victoria, who had just become the first president of Mexico. The town was platted by surveyor José María Jesús Carbajal around a Market Square designed in 1839 by Edward Linn and known today as DeLeon Plaza. The bandstand at the center of the plaza was built prior to 1885.</p><br>
<p>Sculptor Pompeo Coppini was paid $5,000, raised by the William P. Rogers chapter of the United Daughters of the Confederacy, to create the plaza&#39;s monument The Last Stand (aka Firing Line) in 1912. The unveiling was held on July 12 of that year. The celebratory event was the scene of a parade and a barbecue that was free to everyone. The ceremony included various dignitaries, two Union Army veterans, and twelve Confederate States Army veterans.</p><br>
<p>In 1923, the "Memorial White Way" lighting was turned on at DeLeon Plaza. That same year the bandstand was moved from a nearby location and placed over the site of the town&#39;s old water source.</p><br>
<p>The landscaping was re-done in 1940 as a project of the Works Progress Administration under the presidency of Franklin D. Roosevelt, whose public works and welfare projects helped many people throughout the South. Mr. and Mrs. J. M. Pickering completed a restoration of the bandstand in 1962. That same year, a Six Flags monument was placed on the plaza at the corner of Main and Constitution streets. The plaza today has twenty-three benches and forty-seven trees of live oak, elm, pecan, ash, magnolia, and redwood.</p><br>
<p>On December 31, 1986, a time capsule was placed in DeLeon Plaza, to be opened at the 2036 Texas Bicentennial.</p><br>
<p>The Harrison County Courthouse, located in Logan, Iowa, United States, was built in 1911. It was listed on the National Register of Historic Places in 1981 as a part of the County Courthouses in Iowa Thematic Resource. The courthouse is the fifth building the county has used for court functions and county administration.</p><br>
<h2>History</h2><br>
<p>The first county seat in Harrison County was Magnolia. A log cabin served as the first courthouse. It was destroyed in a fire along with the county records. A second courthouse was built in 1854. The county raised the funds for its construction by selling town lots. The building was condemned as unsafe in 1873, and the county&#39;s third courthouse was built the same year. It served the county for three years until Logan was named the county seat.</p><br>
<p>The first courthouse in Logan was built in 1876 for $14,000. An appropriation of $5,000 came from the county and $9,000 was donated from the people of Logan. Yeisley & Stowell were the contractors that built the building. The two-story brick structure measure 55 by. Offices for the county Auditor, Treasurer, Clerk, Recorder, Sheriff, and School Superintendent were on the first floor. The second floor contained the courtroom and jury rooms.</p><br>
<p>Plans for the present courthouse were begun in 1905. The cornerstone was laid on October 5, 1910, and it was dedicated on November 3, 1911. It was built at a cost of $103,205.15.</p><br>
<h2>Architecture</h2><br>
<p>The Neoclassical building was designed by Detroit architect Joseph E. Mills. The three-story building measures 68 by. The top of the dome is 77 ft above the street. It is constructed in steel and concrete block and faced in Bedford stone. The east and west elevations each have three projecting pavilions. The central pavilion on each side is more ornate with its tall round-arch window set between Ionic columns in antis. The building is capped with a hipped roof supported by a modillion cornice. The low cupula on top features cut corners, three oculus windows on each face, and a curved tile roof.</p><br>
<p>Its exterior is relatively simple when compared with its richly-appointed interior public spaces. It has a lozenge-shaped rotunda, richly-patterned tile floors, and a metal staircase. The rotunda is separated from the halls by column screens. Four murals were placed in the main stairway during a redecorating program in 1920. They are the work of Frank Enders of Milwaukee. They were all done on canvas that was attached to the wall. The murals portray the old courthouse in Magnolia, the first courthouse in Logan, a horn of plenty theme, and Lady Justice. The significance of the courthouse is derived from its association with county government, and the political power and prestige of Logan as the county seat.</p><br>
<p>The Old Harrison County Courthouse, located in Magnolia, Iowa, United States, was built in 1873. It was listed on the National Register of Historic Places in 1983 as a part of the County Courthouses in Iowa Thematic Resource. The courthouse is the third building the county has used for court functions and county administration.</p><br>
<h2>History</h2><br>
<p>Magnolia was chosen as Harrison Countys first county seat. A log cabin served as the first courthouse. It was destroyed in a fire along with the county records. A second courthouse was built in 1854. The county raised the funds for its construction by selling town lots. The building was condemned as unsafe in 1873, and the countys third courthouse was built the same year. It served the county for three years until Logan was named the county seat in 1876. After its use as a courthouse it was used as a Methodist Episcopal church until at least 1938. Its significance is derived from being one of the few former courthouses extant in the state, and its association with county government and the political power and prestige of Magnolia as the county seat. It is also representative of the many county seat battles that Iowa counties engaged in.</p><br>
<h2>Architecture</h2><br>
<p>The generally rectangular structure is faced with brick laid in a common bond. A small porch extends from the center of the main facade. It features projecting pilasters that frame a doorway that has been narrowed. The window sills are stone. The building is capped with a hip roof.</p><br>
<p>The Ida County Courthouse, located in Ida Grove, Iowa, United States, was built in 1883. It was listed on the National Register of Historic Places in 1974 as a part of the County Courthouses in Iowa Thematic Resource. The courthouse is the second building the county has used for court functions and county administration.</p><br>
<h2>History</h2><br>
<p>The first Ida County courthouse was the first building built in Ida Grove. It was destroyed in a fire along with the county records in 1877. The county rented office space in several small buildings until 1880 when it was consolidated in a single building. Construction on the present courthouse was begun that same year and completed in 1883. It was originally built by David Wood Townsend. Jail cells were originally located in the basement, and are now used for storage. The courthouse was remodeled twice in the 1930s to increase the office space. An administration annex was added in 1982. The building is located in a park-like setting in a residential neighborhood.</p><br>
<h2>Architecture</h2><br>
<p>The historic portion of the courthouse was built in the Italianate style, and it follows an irregular plan. The building roughly measures 82 by. The exterior is composed of brick and is two and one half stories tall. The tall slender windows are capped with simple ornamental stone hoods. The building&#39;s prominent feature is the 110 ft tower. The high pitched hip roof that caps the building and that of the spire on the tower suggests the Gothic Revival style. Bracketed eaves encircle the building and the tower.</p><br>
<p>The Monona County Courthouse, located in Onawa, Iowa, United States, was built in 1892. It was listed on the National Register of Historic Places in 1981 as a part of the County Courthouses in Iowa Thematic Resource. The courthouse is the third building the county has used for court functions and county administration.</p><br>
<h2>History</h2><br>
<p>The first county seat for Monona County was Ashton. Onawa became the county seat in 1855 and the county offices were located in Mechanics’ Hall. The citizens of the town raised $12,500 for a courthouse in order to retain the county seat. After Onawa won a challenge against East Mapleton a $7,000 courthouse was completed in 1858. The present courthouse was built in 1892 in the Romanesque Revival style. It was designed by Omaha architect S.E. Maxon, and built by P.H. Wind of Council Bluffs. It is very similar to the Adair County Courthouse, which was also designed by Maxon.</p><br>
<h2>Architecture</h2><br>
<p>The courthouse is a 2½-story red brick structure with stone trim. A square brick tower with a pyramid roof rises from the center of the building. The main entrance is located within a wide arch portico with stone trim on the south elevation. Above the entrance is a large arched window with three windows on the third floor. Decorative metal panels are located in the gable ends and wall dormers. At one time the exterior was painted yellow with white trim. Single-story additions were built onto three sides of the building. The structure is capped with a hip roof. The interior features a Murton tile floor and an ornate wood staircase. The significance of the courthouse is derived from its association with county government, and the political power and prestige of Onawa as the county seat.</p><br>
<p>Congregational Church of the Evangel is a historic Congregational church at 1950 Bedford Ave. in Flatbush, Brooklyn, New York, New York. It was built in 1916-1917 and is an asymmetrically massed Late Gothic Revival style building. It is constructed of gray-green random quarry faced ashlar with cast stone trim, a variegated slate roof, copper gutters, and stained and leaded glass windows. The building consists of a nave with steeply pitched gable roof, low sidewall with engaged buttresses, a gabled side porch, a square bell tower, and a small gabled office annex. The chancel&#39;s elaborate furnishings and Tiffany glass windows were installed in 1927.</p><br>
<p>It was listed on the National Register of Historic Places in 2009.</p><br>
<p>The College Club House and Gymnasium is an educational building located at 1416 College Avenue on the campus of Michigan Technological University in Houghton, Michigan, United States. It is also known as R.O.T.C. Building. The building is the oldest existing building on Michigan Tech&#39;s campus, and it was placed on the National Register of Historic Places in 1980.</p><br>
<h2>History</h2><br>
<p>Recognizing a need for a social and athletic facility on campus, in 1902 the faculty of the Michigan College of Mines (now Michigan Technological University) pledged $1700 toward the construction of such a building. although anticipation was so great that the students held a dance in the facility before it was finished. The 1904-1905 Michigan College of Mines Yearbook described the function of the planned building as:</p><br>
<p>After completion, the building was used as a gymnasium, and for dances and graduation ceremonies. A clubhouse in the building was a predecessor to the student union. In 1949, the building was converted into the R.O.T.C. center for the Army and Air Force.</p><br>
<h2>Description</h2><br>
<p>The College Club House and Gymnasium is a -story structure built of red sandstone, brick, and concrete. The front entrance and corners of the building are wood; vertical and horizontal architectural elements above the second floor are also wood, presented in the Stick style of architecture. The roof is steeply sloped, and the projecting eaves are supported with large brackets. Two gable-fronted ells project from the facade, with a lower gabled center section between.</p><br>
<p>On the interior, one side of the building was taken up by the gymnasium. The suspended running track still survives. The other end of the building consisted of the clubhouse, with a fireplace giving the room a club-like atmosphere.</p><br>
<p>The Parkway Theatre, also known as the Rolland Theatre and since 1956 as the Holy House of Prayer for All People, is a historic former theater at 1768 St. Johns Place, at the intersection with Eastern Parkway in Brownsville, Brooklyn, New York City. It was built in 1928 and is a steel-frame-and-concrete building faced in buff-colored brick with terra cotta trim. It consists of a long and low three-story block along St. Johns Place, with a triangular lobby block fronting a tall, rectangular-plan auditorium block and stage fly loft block.</p><br>
<p>It was listed on the National Register of Historic Places in 2010.</p><br>
<p>The Industrial Complex at 221 McKibbin Street is an industrial complex in the East Williamsburg neighborhood of Brooklyn in New York City, New York, USA</p><br>
<h2>Description and history</h2><br>
<p>The complex consists of ten interconnected structures built between about 1845 and 1951. The most prominent building is the three-story brick spinning house of the H. Lawrence & Sons Rope Works, built before 1870. In addition to rope manufacturers, the complex had cardboard manufacturers, glass making, knitting, silk weaving, and wood working.</p><br>
<p>It was listed on the National Register of Historic Places in 2009.</p><br>
<p>The Industrial Complex at 221 McKibbin Street is located on McKibbin Street, sharing the block with a range of buildings including PS 147, Sure We Can, and the McKibbin Street Lofts.</p><br>
<p>Rockwood Chocolate Factory Historic District is a historic industrial complex and national historic district in Fort Greene, Brooklyn, New York City. The complex consists of 16 contributing buildings built between 1891 and 1928 and owned by Rockwood & Company until it went out of business in 1957. The largest and oldest building  dates to 1891 and is located at the corner of Washington and Park avenues. It is a five-story, Romanesque Revival style building. Much of the complex has been converted to loft apartments.</p><br>
<p>It was listed on the National Register of Historic Places in 1983.</p><br>
<p>The Albemarle–Kenmore Terraces Historic District is a small historic district located in the Flatbush neighborhood of Brooklyn, New York City. It consists of two short cul-de-sacs, Albemarle Terrace and Kenmore Terrace, off of East 21st Street, and the 32 houses on the two streets, as well as a four-family apartment building at the end of Albemarle Terrace. The New York City Landmarks Preservation Commission, which designated the district as a landmark in 1978, noted that the "terraces are distinguished by the uniform use of materials, height and color producing a harmonious effect".</p><br>
<h2>Architecture</h2><br>
<p>The structures were designed by the local firm of Slee & Bryson, but differ in style between the two streets.</p><br>
<h3>Albemarle Terrace</h3><br>
<p>The houses on Albemarle Terrace, built between 1916 and 1917, are Colonial Revival Many of these gardens are shaded by a generous canopy of mature Pin Oak trees. The buildings on Albemarle Terrace have long been praised by architectural critics as "the most fully realized Neo-Federal houses in the city—especially the smaller, gabled houses with dormers—they represent perfect bookends of New York&#39;s row house building history stretching from 1783 to 1917".</p><br>
<p>The southern row of Albemarle Terrace was constructed from 1916 to 1917 as the "model" homes and were generally alike in form and finish. The homes on the northern row were constructed between 1917 and 1918, and buyers were able to choose from an array of trim packages and finishes inside.</p><br>
<p>Both rows use the same material: red brick (with occasional burned singles) laid up in the Flemish bond pattern, limestone ornament, white-painted wood trim. Two general types of structure are used in both rows: "an A type of three stories with flat roofs, and a B type of two stories with a pitched attic story". Each type has two subtypes, with variance in fenestration between the two. For the A-type, A1 features four symmetrical 6-over-6 double hung windows on the upper two floors, while the second story of A2 features a triple window, underneath an elliptical arch with a fluted sunburst design. For the B-type, B1 features a triple-windowed bay at the first story, and a rectangular doorway consisting of a multi-light paneled door with a leaded glass transom, flanked by fluted pilasters, and topped with a limestone lintel carved with a paneled urn motif. B2 has an unbroken front facade, with a triple window instead of the bay, and an arched doorway with leaded glass fanlight flanked by Greek-revival style Doric colonettes. Copper roofing adorns the enclosed stoops on the A-type houses, as well as the dormers and bay windows on the B-types, with the pitched attic stories finished with Vermont Green slate roofs.</p><br>
<h3>Kenmore Terrace</h3><br>
<p>On Kenmore Terrace, three of the houses are also in the Colonial Revival style, one of which was built in 1918 and other two in 1919–20, and were designed in the English Arts and Crafts style. These Kenmore cottages were built in 1918–19, and presage the automobile-based look of many suburbs built in the decades to come, as each house has a driveway leading to a private garage.</p><br>
<h2>Historic designation</h2><br>
<p>The historic district was designated by the New York City Landmarks Preservation Commission in 1978, and was listed on the National Register of Historic Places in 1983.</p><br>
<h2>Notable surroundings</h2><br>
<p>Located on Kenmore Terrace, but not part of the historic district, is the landmarked parsonage of the Flatbush Reformed Dutch Church, a two and one-half-story wood-frame house designed in a vernacular style transitional between the Greek Revival and Italianate styles. The parsonage was built in 1853 on the west side of Flatbush Avenue (near present-day 892 Flatbush Avenue), and moved to its present location in 1918.</p><br>
<p>The historic district is close to a number of other New York City landmarks, such as Erasmus Hall High School, Flatbush Town Hall, Kings Theater, and the now-razed Flatbush District No.1 School (landmarked in 2007, but demolished in 2015) which was built in 1890 atop the site of the Flatbush African Burial Ground. The United States Post Office - Flatbush Station stands across from the site of the former school, and is listed on the USA National Register of Historic Places.</p><br>
<p>Additionally, a handful of non-landmarked yet architecturally significant buildings stand nearby:</p><br>
<p>2101 Church Avenue opened in 1928 as the Keith-Albee Kenmore Theatre—a vaudeville house—and later became a single screen movie theater, split up into four screens in 1970. The theater is now occupied by retail chain Target, among others. The building was designed by Eugene De Rosa, with its southern elevation adorned with Colonial Revival architectural vernacular similar to the buildings on Albemarle Terrace, as well as the church house of the Flatbush Reformed Dutch Church opposite it.</p><br>
<p>2127 Church Avenue/882 Flatbush Avenue once housed the office of Midwood Associates—the developer of the historic district—and still stands with marquees bearing the branding "Midwood Associates Buildings" along the southern and eastern façades.</p><br>
<p>261 East 21st St housed The Third Church of Christ, Scientist and was built in Greek Revival style, constructed in 1929 to the south of Albemarle Terrace at 261 East 21st St. Modeled after the Third Churchs, it was designed by architects Cherry & Matz, who designed listed buildings such as Manhattans Fourth Church of Christ, Scientist (now the Hebrew Tabernacle of Washington Heights) and the First Reformed Church of Piermont, New York. It has been the property of the since July 1982.</p><br>
<p>Despite the changing landscape of Brooklyn as a whole, the area directly surrounding the historic district is remarkably intact in form from when it was developed after the Lott farm was sold in 1910.</p><br>
<h2>Transportation</h2><br>
<p>The historic district is closest to the New York City Subway station at Church Avenue and is accessible via two MTA-operated local bus routes: the B35 on Church Avenue, and the B41 route on Flatbush Avenue.</p><br>
<p>Boerum Hill Historic District is a national historic district in Boerum Hill, Brooklyn, New York City. It originally consisted of 238 contributing residential rowhouses and a few commercial buildings built between 1845 and 1890. Most are three bay, three story brick buildings with projecting stoops in a Greek Revival or Italianate style.</p><br>
<p>It was listed on the National Register of Historic Places in 1983. Its area was approximately doubled in 2018.</p><br>
<p>The Carroll Gardens Historic District is a small municipal and national historic district located in the Carroll Gardens neighborhood of Brooklyn, New York City. The national district consists of 134 contributing residential rowhouses built between the 1860s and 1880s. They are two- and three-story brownstone buildings in the neo-Grec and late Italianate styles located in a rectangle bounded by Carroll, President, Smith, and Hoyt Streets. These were the result of surveyor Richard Butt, who in 1846 planned gardens in front of the brownstone houses in the oldest section of the neighborhood. The homes are set farther back from the street than is common in Brooklyn, and the large gardens became an iconic depiction of the neighborhood. All the houses in the district, which is afforded a degree of privacy by the street pattern that discourages through traffic on Carroll and President Streets, were built between 1869 and 1884.</p><br>
<p>The district was designated a New York City landmark by the New York City Landmarks Preservation Commission in 1973, and was listed on the National Register of Historic Places in 1983.</p><br>
<p>The James Sansom Carpenter House was significant to Des Moines cultural history from 1906 to 1939. The 13 acre property named Oakwood estate by its owners J. S. Carpenter and his Spouse Florence L. Carpenter because of the old growth oak forestation. The Carpenters collection was deemed by art critics as one of the finest collections of etchings and lithographs in America. The house held the Carpenter collection of 125 paintings and 350 etchings. The Association transformed into the Edmundson Art Museum in 1940 under the auspices of Association Executive member, and Carpenters close friend Jay N.  Darling. Darling as President of the Edmundson Art Foundation merged the original collection into the present day Des Moines Art Center.</p><br>
<h2>The mansion</h2><br>
<p>Carpenter house, built 1890, extensively renovated in the 1920s, is a colonial revival with two and one half stories. It has six bedrooms with a formal front staircase on the west made of quarter-sawn oak and rectilinear panels with square stair spokes. The library has oak built in bookcases, wall panels and dentil cove molding all of quarter-sawn oak. The living room is 17 feet by 33 feet with an oak colonial revival fireplace on the north. The fireplace has matte green Grueby like three inch square tiles. The ceiling of the great room or living room is molded plaster tiles identical to the ceiling of the historic Hoyt Sherman House. Florence Carpenter, a member of the Des Moines Womens club, was on the Hoyt-Sherman building committee in 1923 when the club auditorium was first dedicated. The formal dining room also has wood wall panels and cove molding all of African Teak wood. A servants call button was present in the middle of the dining room but has since been covered by a brass plate. There is a servants staircase on the east. After a fire nearly claimed the Carpenters collection in the 1920s, a fireproof art room was constructed on the North. The fire of November 24, 1922, reported in the Des Moines Tribune, as, "Fire today almost totally destroyed the home of J. S. Carpenter at East Thirty-third street and Cleveland Avenue. Mr. Carpenter had one of the finest art collections in the United States. It is thought that many of these fine oil paintings have been ruined." The room is separated from the house by about three feet of concrete and a double bank vault door. The 17 by 13 foot art room with 11 foot ceilings has 10 inch concrete floors and ceiling. Two windows on the North had bars that were removed at an unknown date, after the carpenter occupation. On humid days, with a strong Northeast wind, the smell of charred wood is present in the second story. The estate was 13 acres during the Carpenter period. The original address of Summit street was changed to 1525 East 33rd street and again changed by development to 3320 Kinsey Avenue. The property was placed on the National Historic Register in 1998 and declared a local Des Moines Landmark by the Des Moines City Council ordinance 2001.</p><br>
<h2>The grounds and outbuildings</h2><br>
<p>The grounds originally consisted of 13 acres. A servants house is located to the north, still standing and under private ownership. The servants quarters were sold off the estate in the 1960s. The land to the east was also sold in the 1960s to development and is now commonly known as Eastwood Drive and East 34th st, Des Moines Iowa. In 1973 the Hawkeye Development Company purchased Oakwood Estate&#39;s remaining five acres and subdivided the land into 11 lots. Houses and duplexes were built around the mansion. One lot to the west, commonly known as 1515 East 33rd street, Des Moines Iowa, was left undeveloped for 23 years and acquired for the estate. A low-income-housing duplex to the west commonly known as 1525 East 33rd St was demolished in 2011, with the lot added to the estate in 2012.</p><br>
<h2>The Carpenters and artist Henry Ossawa Tanner</h2><br>
<p>Henry Ossawa Tanner, one of Americas first successful African American Artists, was a close friend of J. S. Carpenter. How they met is unknown, but it probably was on a buying trip to New York or while Carpenter studied art in France, based on anecdotal evidence. The friendship started as a business relationship. Carpenter wanted a Tanner canvas for the Association of Fine Arts. Carpenter was enthralled with Tanners works in general. Carpenter wanted to place as many Tanners works in Des Moines as possible. Part was his love of the style and part the appeal to the consumer. Carpenter brokered paintings for Tanner at a 25% commission. Carpenter often begged Tanner to send more paintings to Des Moines for placement. The best example of their true friendship came in 19** when Carpenter was shopping for art in New Youk City. Carpenter came upon a large Tanner canvas at a gallery. The price was not what Tanner would usually receive. Carpenter believed the canvas was acquired by nefarious means. Carpenter contacted Tanner, who was then living in France, to ask if the canvas was stolen. Carpenter discovered that Tanner stored six pictures with an art warehouse. The business closed and the owner took the pictures to another storage area. The owner died with his widow auctioning the paintings off and keeping the money for herself. Carpenter took it upon himself to seek out the auctioned Tanner canvases and recover as many as possible. Carpenter expended his own funds for the entire recovery process at a cost of $?. The ordeal started in 19** and by 19** the cost of recovery totaled. Tanner paid him back from the proceeds of the sales 19**. The letters that followed this misadventure revealed a trusting friendship. Tanner assisted Carpenter in acquiring the Hand of Rodan for $1,000.00 along with provenance for the Fine Arts Association. A bronze that is still in the Des Moines Art Center collection. Tanner also bid at auctions for Carpenters friends and for Carpenter. Carpenter gave Tanner free rein to bid on, "a large work, from a big artist at a small price." In Tanners final year of life he confided in Carpenter that many canvases were in the studio but he had not the strength to complete the work. Tanner referenced a new Tempera mix for which he was very excited. In Carpenters final letter to Tanner, 1936, Carpenter noted two weeks in Chicago for medical treatment and the stagnant art market. Carpenter and Tanner demonstrated a true and trusted friendship to their final days of life.</p><br>
<p>Of note is eye witness accounts of cross burnings in the 1920s just three blocks south of Carpenters Oakwood Estate. The Ku Klux Klan would ride their steel shod horses East down the brick paved East University Street and then turn North toward Carpenters house to a horse pasture on the highest hill near todays East 34th street and Dubuque Avenue, Des Moines Iowa. There, the white cloaked KKK members would burn their cross. There is no information indicating this as a warning to Carpenter for selling a "Negros" paintings. Nothing in the news or Carpenter&#39;s correspondence indicate he was distracted from selling Tanner paintings. To the contrary, Carpenter was an aggressive promoter of Tanner works.</p><br>
<h2>The Carpenters and artist Leon Kroll</h2><br>
<p>Artist Leon Kroll and his wife visited Des Moines and stayed with the Carpenter&#39;s at Oakwood. Extensive correspondence exists between J. S. Carpenter and Leon Kroll at the Archives of American Art.</p><br>
<h2>The Carpenters&#39; Richard E. Miller painting, Goldfish</h2><br>
<p>The Carpenters owned a very rare painting by artist Richard E. Miller titled Goldfish, circa 1912. The subject was Millers wife and daughter. Millers daughter died shortly after the painting was completed. The painting was inherited by Carpenters niece. In 1990 the niece offered Goldfish to the Des Moines Art Center. With little research, the Art Center rejected the offer. The Art Center already had an example of Richard Millers work. The Art Center failed to recognize the importance of the painting in that it depicted the artists last painting of his daughter. Carpenters niece donated the painting to her alma mater Simpson College, Indianola, Iowa with full knowledge of the paintings value. Simpson college sent Goldfish to Sothebys auction house for sale in New York 1992.</p><br>
<p>The Flatiron Building in Brownsville, Pennsylvania is located in the Brownsville Commercial Historic District. The building is owned and was restored by the Brownsville Area Revitalization Corporation.</p><br>
<h2>Museums</h2><br>
<p>The Flatiron Building Heritage Center, located within the building at 69 Market Street, holds artifacts from Brownsvilles heyday, as well as displays about the communitys important coal and coke heritage.</p><br>
<p>The building is also home to the Frank L. Melega Art Museum that features the permanent collection of Frank L. Melega, a regional painter, sculptor and commercial artist whose works reflect the everyday life of a coal miner. The museum also features changing exhibits of local contemporary art.</p><br>
<p>The O&#39;Brien County Courthouse is located in Primghar, Iowa, United States. It was listed on the National Register of Historic Places in 1981 as a part of the County Courthouses in Iowa Thematic Resource. The courthouse is the fourth building the county has used for court functions and county administration.</p><br>
<h2>History</h2><br>
<p>The countys first courthouse was a log building built on a farm for about $2,000 in 1860. It was later moved to a different location where it served as a schoolhouse, blacksmith shop, and a stable. The countys second courthouse was completed in April 1874 for about $2,000 as well. L.E. Lovejoy was the contractor that was responsible for its construction.</p><br>
<h2>Architecture</h2><br>
<p>The building is three stories tall and the exterior is clad in Bedford stone. It features six Doric columns in antis on the main facade, and rather large windows. The interior corridors are made of marble and the handrails in the stairways are finished in bronze. The significance of the courthouse is derived from its association with county government, and the political power and prestige of Primghar as the county seat.</p><br>
